Modules and Packages in Python In Python, both packages and modules are used for organizing and structuring code, but they serve different purposes. A module is a single file that contains Python code . It can define functions, classes, and variables that can be used in other parts of the code. You can import a module into another module or into the Python shell using the import statement. A package is a collection of modules . It is a directory that contains a special file called __init__.py which tells Python that the directory should be treated as a package. A package can contain other packages or modules, which can be imported in a similar way to modules. key differences between packages and modules: · A module is a single file, while a package is a directory that can contain multiple files (modules). · Modules are used to organize code within a single file, while packages are used to organize modules into a hierarchical directory structure.
What is File Handling? · File Handling refers to the ability of a program to work with files, which are external resources that can be used to store data or information. · File handling can be used to create, read, write, append, and delete files , among other things. Opening and Closing Files · To open a file in Python, we use the built-in open() function. · The open() function takes two arguments: o the name of the file to be opened, o the mode in which the file is opened. · Syntax file_object = open(file_name, mode) The modes available for opening a file are: · r: Read mode . This is the default mode. It opens the file for reading. If the file does not exist, it will raise an error. · w: Write mode . It opens the file for writing. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file. If the file already exists, it truncates the file. · a: Append mode . It opens th